Fingerprint minutiae filtering based on multiscale directional information

Automatic identification of humans based on their fingerprints is still one of the most reliable identification methods in criminal and forensic applications, and is widely applied in civil applications as well. Most automatic systems available today use distinctive fingerprint features called minutiae for fingerprint comparison. Conventional feature extraction algorithm can produce a large number of spurious minutiae if fingerprint pattern contains large regions of broken ridges (often called creases). This can drastically reduce the recognition rate in automatic fingerprint identification systems. We can say that for performance of those systems it is more important not to extract spurious (false) minutia even though it means some genuine might be missing as well. In this paper multiscale directional information obtained from orientation field image is used to filter those spurious minutiae, resulting in multiple decrease of their number

Neki forenzički metodi analize slikarskih boja

In the work are presented the methods of the painting colour analysis founded on the use of the electromagnet spectrum radiation, from which a lot of important conclusions about the identification or attribution of the works of art are drawn. The characteristics of the painting colours and pigments, their admixtures and ways of preparations, as well as their usage in the different artistic epochs have been analyzed. Then the results of the painting colours analyses through the adequate in destructive forensic methods founded on the effect of the following electromagnet spectrum waves: X-rays, infrared and ultra red have been given. The recording which appear as the result of the interaction of the painting materials and this radiation can be used as an evidence identification material in the court procedure.U radu su izloženi forenzički metodi analize slikarskih boja, zasnovani na upotrebi zračenja iz elektromagnetnog spektra, koja daju najpouzdanije snimke iz kojih se izvode mnogi značajni zaključci vezani za autentifikaciju ili atribuciju umetničkog dela. Analizirane su karakteristike slikarskih boja i pigmenata, njihovih primesa i načina priprema, kao i njihova upotreba kroz različite umetničke epohe. Potom su dati rezultati analize slikarskih boja pomoću adekvatnih nedestruktivnih forenzičkih metoda zasnovanih na dejstvu sledećih talasa elektromagnetnog spektra: rendgenski, infracrveni i ultravioletni. Snimci koji nastaju kao rezultat interakcije slikarskog materijala i ovih zračenja mogu da se upotrebe kao dokazni identifikacioni materijal u sudskim postupcima

Primena metoda matematičke statistike u istražnom postupku

The probability that lawbreaker is in the circle of k suspicious persons is defined. The probability is treated as random variable, while number of the suspicious is the parameter of distribution. This distribution is of exponential type. Going over to new random variable and using maximum-likelihood method, two new exponential distributions are found. One of them makes a narrower circle of suspicious persons with respect to the initial one, while the other widens it. The numbers of stable as well as unstable evidence points are defined in using analogy with currents in RL and RC electrical circuit. RL circuit corresponds to stable points and RC circuit corresponds to unstable ones. The criterion of assessing unstable points (statements of witnesses) with respect to stable points (forensic experiments) is given. It turns out that translating factor for unstable points lies within interval (0.95 and 0.5).Definisana je eksponencijalna raspodela verovatnoće da se krivac nađe u krugu od klica. Verovatnoća se tretira kao slučajna varijabla, dok je broj osumnjičenih parametar raspodele. Linearnom raspodelom polazne slučajne varijable na novu slučajnu varijablu, uz primenu metoda maksimalne verodostojnosti, definisane su dve nove eksponencijalne raspodele od kojih jedna sužava broj osumnjičenih a druga ga povećava. Brojevi indicijskih poena definisani su po analogiji sa strujom u električnim kolima. Sigurnim poenima koje daju forenzička istraživanja korespondirano je RL kolo, a nesigurnim koji se dobijaju na osnovu izjava osumnjičenih i izjava svedoka korespondirano je LC kolo. Ustanovljen je kriterijum vrednovanja nesigurnih poena i pokazano je da se faktor pretvaranja nesigurnih poena u sigurne kreće između 0,95 i 0,5

Prevencija eksplozija i požara u objektima mogućih terorističkih napada

Nowadays there is an expansion of terrorism in the world, so there is a need for fight against it. Security services would particularly pay attention to prevention activities. Planting of explosive devices is one of the activities of terrorists where the harmful consequences of the blast wave with its pressure and heat on surroundings are used. This paper describes the preventive activities of security services. Those activities mean the fire and sabotage protection and possibility of using the risk theory. The risk theory deals with correlation between positions of different objects in space. The aim of these activities is to minimize the consequences on objects which are on the way of the blast and heat within a closed space (subways, market centers, etc.).Danas je u svetu očigledna ekspanzija terorizma, te se javlja potreba za razmatranjem različitih vidova borbe protiv svih njegovih pojavnih oblika. Naročitu pažnju treba pokloniti preventivnom delovanju bezbednosnih subjekata. Podmetanje eksplozivnih naprava je jedna od terorističkih aktivnosti, koja koristi štetne posledice dejstva eksplozivnog talasa u vidu pritiska i toplote na okolinu. U ovom radu je dat pregled preventivnih aktivnosti bezbednosnih subjekata, s ciljem borbe protiv terorizma. Te preventivne aktivnosti podrazumevaju protivdiverzionu zaštitu - pregledi, otkrivanje, delaboracija i uništavanje, kao i razmatranje mogućnosti primene teorije rizika, a u vezi s prostornim rasporedom predmeta u objektima. Minimiziranje rizika od eksplozija i požara, koji su uzročno-posledično povezani, od naročitog je značaja. Takođe je dat pregled tehničkih sredstava koja se mogu koristiti u preventivnim pregledima i za detekciju eksploziva. Analiziran je i problem minimizacije rizika od požara nakon eksplozije nalaženjem optimalnog rasporeda predmeta u prostorijama različitih dužina. Cilj tih aktivnosti je ublažavanje posledica na objekte koji se nalaze na putu dejstva eksplozivnog i toplotnog talasa u nekom zatvorenom prostoru (metroi, tržni centri i sl.). Takođe je uvedena i kontinualna simulacija zavisnosti apsorbovane energije od dužine prostorije

Some forensic methods of the painting colour analysis

In the work are presented the methods of the painting colour analysis founded on the use of the electromagnet spectrum radiation, from which a lot of important conclusions about the identification or attribution of the works of art are drawn. The characteristics of the painting colours and pigments, their admixtures and ways of preparations, as well as their usage in the different artistic epochs have been analyzed. Then the results of the painting colours analyses through the adequate in destructive forensic methods founded on the effect of the following electromagnet spectrum waves: X-rays, infrared and ultra red have been given. The recording which appear as the result of the interaction of the painting materials and this radiation can be used as an evidence identification material in the court procedure

Infracrvena termovizija

In this study a survey of the electromagnetic spectrum essential characteristics is shown. A special attention has been given to the thermal infrared rays. There were analyzed known thermo vision systems appropriate for the defense and protection of people and instruments from the infrared radiation, and some new ones were suggested.U radu je dat pregled osnovnih osobina elektromagnetskog spektra. Posebna pažnja je posvećena toplotnim infracrvenim zracima. Analizirani su poznati termovizijski sistemi koji su pogodni za odbranu i zaštitu ljudi i sredstava od infracrvenog zračenja, a predloženi su i neki novi

Prevencija eksplozija i požara u objektima mogućih terorističkih napada

Nowadays there is an expansion of terrorism in the world, so there is a need for fight against it. Security services would particularly pay attention to prevention activities. Planting of explosive devices is one of the activities of terrorists where the harmful consequences of the blast wave with its pressure and heat on surroundings are used. This paper describes the preventive activities of security services. Those activities mean the fire and sabotage protection and possibility of using the risk theory. The risk theory deals with correlation between positions of different objects in space. The aim of these activities is to minimize the consequences on objects which are on the way of the blast and heat within a closed space (subways, market centers, etc.).Danas je u svetu očigledna ekspanzija terorizma, te se javlja potreba za razmatranjem različitih vidova borbe protiv svih njegovih pojavnih oblika. Naročitu pažnju treba pokloniti preventivnom delovanju bezbednosnih subjekata. Podmetanje eksplozivnih naprava je jedna od terorističkih aktivnosti, koja koristi štetne posledice dejstva eksplozivnog talasa u vidu pritiska i toplote na okolinu. U ovom radu je dat pregled preventivnih aktivnosti bezbednosnih subjekata, s ciljem borbe protiv terorizma. Te preventivne aktivnosti podrazumevaju protivdiverzionu zaštitu - pregledi, otkrivanje, delaboracija i uništavanje, kao i razmatranje mogućnosti primene teorije rizika, a u vezi s prostornim rasporedom predmeta u objektima. Minimiziranje rizika od eksplozija i požara, koji su uzročno-posledično povezani, od naročitog je značaja. Takođe je dat pregled tehničkih sredstava koja se mogu koristiti u preventivnim pregledima i za detekciju eksploziva. Analiziran je i problem minimizacije rizika od požara nakon eksplozije nalaženjem optimalnog rasporeda predmeta u prostorijama različitih dužina. Cilj tih aktivnosti je ublažavanje posledica na objekte koji se nalaze na putu dejstva eksplozivnog i toplotnog talasa u nekom zatvorenom prostoru (metroi, tržni centri i sl.). Takođe je uvedena i kontinualna simulacija zavisnosti apsorbovane energije od dužine prostorije

Infracrvena termovizija

In this study a survey of the electromagnetic spectrum essential characteristics is shown. A special attention has been given to the thermal infrared rays. There were analyzed known thermo vision systems appropriate for the defense and protection of people and instruments from the infrared radiation, and some new ones were suggested.U radu je dat pregled osnovnih osobina elektromagnetskog spektra. Posebna pažnja je posvećena toplotnim infracrvenim zracima. Analizirani su poznati termovizijski sistemi koji su pogodni za odbranu i zaštitu ljudi i sredstava od infracrvenog zračenja, a predloženi su i neki novi

Electron-Phonon Interaction in Cylindrical Nanostructures

The superconductivity properties of cylinder with nano cross-section are investigated. In the nearest neighbours approximation, electron Hamiltonian of cylinder decays onto two independent Hamiltonians. One corresponds to electrons which propagate along chains parallel to the axis of cylinder. Second correspond to electrons moving in discs. The electron-phonon interaction Hamiltonians are found and superconductive properties were examined in the frames of BCS approach. It was shown that superconductive temperature in chains is several Kelvins, while in discs it can be higher for two orders of magnitude. It is also shown that magnetic field produced by electron currents in discs is of the order of thousand Tesla, i.e., extremely high